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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク W state ： ウィキペディア英語版 W state The W state is an entangled quantum state of three qubits which has the following shape : $|W\backslash rangle\; =\; \backslash frac\{\backslash sqrt\{3\}\}(|001\backslash rangle\; +\; |010\backslash rangle\; +\; |100\backslash rangle)$ and which is remarkable for representing a specific type of multipartite entanglement and for occurring in several applications in quantum information theory.Particles prepared in this state reproduce the proprieties of Bell's theorem which states that no classical theory of hidden variables can ever produce the predictions of quantum mechanics. ==Properties== The W state is the representative of one of the two non-biseparable〔A pure state $|\backslash psi\backslash rangle$ of $N$ parties is called ''biseparable'', if one can find a partition of the parties in two disjoint subsets $A$ and $B$ with $A\backslash cup\; B=\backslash$ such that $|\backslash psi\backslash rangle\; =\; |\backslash phi\backslash rangle\_A\backslash otimes|\backslash gamma\backslash rangle\_B$, i.e. $|\backslash psi\backslash rangle$ is a product state with respect to he partition $A|B$.〕 classes of three-qubit states (the other being the GHZ state) which cannot be transformed (not even probabilistically) into each other by LOCCle_A\otimes|\gamma\rangle_B, i.e. $|\backslash psi\backslash rangle$ is a product state with respect to he partition $A|B$.〕 classes of three-qubit states (the other being the GHZ state) which cannot be transformed (not even probabilistically) into each other by local quantum operations. Thus $|W\backslash rangle$ and $|\backslash mathrm\backslash rangle$ represent two very different kinds of tripartite entanglement. This difference is, for example, illustrated by the following interesting property of the W state: if one of the three qubits is lost, the state of the remaining 2-qubit system is still entangled. This robustness of W-type entanglement contrasts strongly with the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state which is fully separable after loss of one qubit. The states in the W class can be distinguished from all other three-qubit states by means of multipartite entanglement measures. In particular, W states have non-zero entanglement across any bipartition〔A bipartition of the three qubits $1,2,3$ is any grouping $(12)\; 3,\; 1\; (23)$ and $(13)\; 2$ in which two qubits are considered to belong to the same party. The three qubit state can then be considered as a state on $\backslash mathbb^4\backslash otimes\; \backslash mathbb^2$ and studied with bipartite entanglement measures.〕 while the 3-tangle vanishes, which is also non-zero for GHZ-type states.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「W state」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.